Table 8 Primers of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes
| Classification | Gene | Primer sequence (5′ → 3′) | Annealing temperature | Fragment length | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β-lactams | blaOXA |
F:TTTTCTGTTGTTTGGGTTTC R:TTTCTTGGCTTTTATGCTTG | 53 °C | 447 bp | This work |
| blaSHV |
F:TGTATTATCTCCCTGTTAGC R:TTAGCGTTGCCAGTGCTC | 55 °C | 843 bp | ||
| blaTEM |
F:CAGAAACGCTGGTGAAAG R:TTACCAATGGTTAATCAGTGAG | 54 °C | 788 bp | ||
| Tetracyclines | tet (A) |
F:GCTACATCCTGCTTGCCTTC R:CATAGATCGCCGTGAAGAGG | 59.5 °C | 210 bp | Ng et al. 2001 |
| tet (B) |
F:TTGGTTAGGGGCAAGTTTTG R:GTAATGGGCCAATAACACCG | 59.5 °C | 659 bp | ||
| tet (C) |
F:CTTGAGAGCCTTCAACCCAG R:ATGGTCGTCATCTACCTGCC | 59.5 °C | 418 bp | ||
| Sulfonamides | sul1 |
F:TCGGACAGGGCGTCTAAG R:GGGTATCGGAGCGTTTGC | 63 °C | 925 bp | This work |
| sul2 |
F:CTTGTTTCGTCCGACACAGA R:GAAGCGCAGCCGCAATTCAT | 60 °C | 435 bp | ||
| Aminoglycosides | aadA1 |
F:GCAGCGCAATGACATTCTTG R:ATCCTCGGCGCGATTTTG | 60 °C | 282 bp | Sáenz et al. 2004 |
| aadB |
F:GAGGAGTTGGACTATGGATT R:CTTCATCGGCATAGTAAAA | 53 °C | 208 bp | This work | |
| aac (3′)-IIa |
F:GGCGACTTCACCGTTTCT R: GGACCGATCACCCTACGAG | 54 °C | 412 bp | ||
| Chloramphenicols | floR |
F: GAACACGACGCCCGCTAT R: TTCCGCTTGGCCTATGAG | 54 °C | 601 bp | This work |
|
Yersinia High Pathogenicity Island | irp2 |
F:AAGGATTCGCTGTTACCGGA R:TCGGCCAGGATGATTCGTCG | 60 °C | 301 bp | This work |
| fyuA |
F:ACACGGCTTATCCTCTGGC R:GGCATCTTGACGATTAACGAA | 58 °C | 953 bp | This work | |
| Intimin | eaeA |
F:ATTACTGAGATTAAGGCTGAT R:ATTTATTTGCAGCCCCCCAT | 57 °C | 682 bp | This work |
| Fimbriae | F41 |
F:GAGGGACTTTCATCTTTTAG R:AGTCCATTCCATTTATAGGC | 58 °C | 431 bp | This work |
| K88 |
F:GCTGCATCTGCTGCATCTGGTATG R:CCACTGAGTGCTGGTAGTTACAGCC | 60 °C | 792 bp | This work | |
| K99 |
F:TATTATCTTAGGTGGTATGG R:GGTATCCTTTAGCAGCAGTATTTC | 56 °C | 314 bp | This work | |
| 987P |
F:TCTGCTCTTAAAGCTACTGG R:AACTCCACCGTTTGTATCAG | 55.8 °C | 333 bp | This work | |
| F18 |
F:GTGAAAAGACTAGTGTTTATTTC R:CTTGTAAGTAACCGCGTAAGC | 55 °C | 510 bp | This work | |
| Hemolysin | hylA |
F:GCATCATCAAGCGTACGTTCC R:AATGAGCCAAGCTGGTTAAGCT | 60 °C | 534 bp | This work |
| Shiga toxins | Stx1 |
F:TTAGACTTCTCGACTGCAAAG R:TGTTGTACGAAATCCCCTCTG | 52 °C | 531 bp | This work |
| Stx2 |
F:CCATGACAACGGACAGCAGTT R:CCTGTCAACTGAGCAGCACTTTG | 58 °C | 779 bp | This work | |
| Heat-stable enterotoxins | STa |
F:TCCCCTCTTTTAGTCAGTCAACTG R:GCACAGGCAGGATTACAACAAAGT | 56 °C | 163 bp | This work |
| STb |
F:GCAATAAGGTTGAGGTGAT R:GCCTGCAGTGAGAAATGGAC | 60 °C | 368 bp | This work | |
| Heat-labile enterotoxins | LT |
F:GGCGACAGATTATACCGTGC R:CGGTCTCTATATTCCCTGTT | 54 °C | 450 bp | This work |