Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics and seropositivity of chikungunya and Zika arboviral infection in the study population
From: Antibody seropositivity and endemicity of chikungunya and Zika viruses in Nigeria
Region | Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) | Zika (ZIKV) | Chikungunya-Zika cocirculation | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Negative | Positive | Total examined | 95% CI | OR | P | Negative | Positive | Total examined | 95% CI | OR | p | Negative | Positive | Total examined | 95%CI | OR | p | |
South | 79 (52.0%) | 73 (48.0%) | 152 | 1 | 0.48 | 118 (77.6%) | 34 (22.4%) | 152 | 1 | 0.85 | 125 (82.2%) | 27 (17.8%) | 152 | 1 | 0.80 | |||
North | 99 (33.0%) | 201 (67.0%) | 300 | 0.64–1.22 | 0.8 | 244 (81.3%) | 56 (18.7%) | 300 | 0.65–1.41 | 1.0 | 247 (82.3%) | 53 (17.7%) | 300 | 0.71–1.55 | 1.1 | |||
Central | 128 (30.5%) | 291 (69.5%) | 419 | 0.81–1.53 | 1.1 | 337 (80.4%) | 82 (18.6%) | 419 | 0.70–1.51 | 1.0 | 348 (83.1%) | 71 (16.9%) | 419 | 0.64–1.40 | 0.9 | |||
Sex | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 90 (35.7%) | 162 (64.3%) | 252 | 1 | 0.81 | 199 (79.0%) | 53 (21.0%) | 252 | 1 | 0.48 | 204 (80.9%) | 48 (19.1%) | 252 | 1 | 0.39 | |||
Female | 216 (34.9%) | 403 (65.1%) | 619 | 0.71–1.31 | 1.0 | 500 (80.8%) | 119 (19.2%) | 619 | 0.79–1.64 | 1.1 | 516 (83.4%) | 103 (16.6%) | 619 | 0.80–1.72 | 1.2 | |||
Domicile | ||||||||||||||||||
Urban | 197 (38.9%) | 310 (61.1%) | 507 | 1 | 0.06 | 409 (80.7%) | 98 (19.3%) | 507 | 1 | 0.99 | 422 (83.2%) | 85 (16.8%) | 507 | 1 | 0.50 | |||
Rural | 78 (30.2%) | 180 (69.8%) | 258 | 0.41–1.02 | 0.6 | 206 (79.8%) | 52 (20.2%) | 258 | 0.56–1.75 | 1.0 | 209 (81.0%) | 49 (19.0%) | 258 | 0.67–2.24 | 1.2 | |||
Slum | 31 (29.2%) | 75 (70.8%) | 106 | 0.97–2.42 | 1.5 | 84 (79.3%) | 22 (20.7%) | 106 | 0.56–1.76 | 1.0 | 8 9(84.0%) | 17 (16.0%) | 106 | 0.44–1.49 | 0.8 | |||
Pregnancy status | ||||||||||||||||||
Pregnant | 90 (39.1%) | 140 (60.9%) | 230 | 1 | 0.32 | 187 (81.3%) | 43 (18.7%) | 230 | 1 | 0.60 | 194 (84.4%) | 36 (15.6%) | 230 | 1 | 0.43 | |||
Nonpregnant | 216 (33.7%) | 425 (66.3%) | 641 | 0.62–1.16 | 0.9 | 512 (79.9%) | 129 (20.1%) | 641 | 0.61–1.32 | 0.9 | 526 (82.1%) | 115 (17.9%) | 641 | 0.56–1.27 | 0.8 | |||
HIV status | ||||||||||||||||||
HIV Positive | 234 (39.7%) | 356 (60.3%) | 590 | 1 | 0.00 | 534 (90.5%) | 56 (9.5%) | 590 | 1 | 0.00 | 545 (92.4%) | 45 (7.6%) | 590 | 1 | 0.00 | |||
HIV Negative | 72 (25.6%) | 209 (74.4%) | 281 | 0.38–0.71 | 0.5 | 165 (58.7%) | 116 (41.3%) | 281 | 0.32–0.65 | 0.5 | 175 (62.3%) | 106 (37.7%) | 281 | 0.13–0.28 | 0.2 | |||
Marital Status | ||||||||||||||||||
Married | 227 (34.9%) | 424 (65.1%) | 651 | 1 | 0.78 | 528 (81.1%) | 123 (18.9%) | 651 | 1 | 0.27 | 545 (83.7%) | 106 (16.3%) | 651 | 1 | 0.15 | |||
Single | 79 (35.9%) | 141 (64.1%) | 220 | 0.76–1.44 | 1.0 | 171 (77.7%) | 49 (22.3%) | 220 | 0.55–1.18 | 1.0 | 175 (79.5%) | 45 (20.5%) | 220 | 0.51–1.11 | 0.8 | |||
Malaria Status | ||||||||||||||||||
Malaria Positive | 84 (34.7%) | 158 (65.3%) | 242 | 1 | 0.00 | 196 (81.0%) | 46 (19.0%) | 242 | 1 | 0.00 | 202 (83.5%) | 40 (16.5%) | 242 | 1 | 0.69 | |||
Malaria Negative | 222 (35.3%) | 407 (64.7%) | 629 | 3.65–7.37 | 5.1 | 503 (80.0%) | 126 (20.0%) | 629 | 2.89–5.93 | 4.1 | 518 (82.3%) | 111 (17.7%) | 629 | 0.62–1.37 | 0.9 | |||
Blood product source | ||||||||||||||||||
Outpatient serum | 457 (60.1%) | 304 (39.9%) | 761 | 1 | 0.00 | 663 (87.1%) | 98 (13.9%) | 761 | 1 | 0.00 | 738 (97.0%) | 23 (3.0%) | 761 | 1 | 0.00 | |||
Blood Bank serum | 25 (22.7%) | 85 (77.3%) | 110 | 0.12–0.31 | 0.1 | 41 (37.3%) | 69 (62.7%) | 110 | 0.05–0.13 | 0.1 | 79 (71.8%) | 31 (28.2%) | 110 | 0.04–0.14 | 0.0 | |||
Total (N) | 306 (35.1%) | 565 (64.9%) | 871 | 0.61–0.68 | 699 (80.2%) | 172 (19.2%) | 871 | 0.19–0.20 | 871 (93.8%) | 54 (6.2%) | 871 | 0.5–0.7 | ||||||