Table 5 Univariable analysis of risk factors for lamb morbidity and mortality using Log-rank test

1

Address (Wodiyo/Imicho/Dumo/Boka-Shuta/Alargeta/Buta)

9.21

0.1009

6.16

0.2910

2

Owner age (18–30/31–40/41–50/> 50)

18.75

0.0003

0.86

0.8342

3

Sex (owner, Male/Female)

0.01

0.9152

1.49

0.2229

4

Education status (Illiterate/Read and write/Elementary/Secondary/Above)

17.59

0.0015

7.52

0.1109

5

Flock size (2–4/5–7/> 8)

4.97

0.0835

0.72

0.6989

6

Lamb sex (Male/Female)

0.09

0.7603

2.42

0.1195

7

Birth type (Single/Twice/Triple)

6.69

0.0352

28.50

0.0000

8

Birth weight (kg) (≤2/2–2.5/2.6–3/3.1–3.5/≥3.6)

12.13

0.0164

95.04

0.0000

9

Lambing difficult (Yes/No)

6.14

0.0132

2.65

0.1035

10

Dams’ parity (Primiparous/Multiparous)

3.02

0.0821

18.08

0.0000

11

Season of birth (Wet/Dry)

3.34

0.0677

0.16

0.6853

12

Hygiene (Poor/Good)

0.09

0.7603

2.42

0.1195

13

Mixing of different weaned lambs (Yes/No)

0.14

0.7035

1.43

0.2320

14

Umbilical care (Yes/No)

0.53

0.4647

0.14

0.7063

15

Method colostrum fed (Suckling/Hand feed/Not feed)

86.25

0.0000

50.87

0.0000

16

Time of colostrum feeding (<  6 hrs vs 6-12 hrs vs > 12 hrs)

26.86

0.0000

7.55

0.0229

17

Causes of morbidity and mortality (Diarrhea/Pneumonia/Mismothering exposure/Management problem/Unknown cause/Predator)

14.08

0.0151

6.09

0.2971