Fig. 2

The inhibitory effect of five potential antiviral extracts on PEDV infection. Vero cells were infected with YN14 PEDV (MOI = 0.01) and incubated for 1 h either with or without extracts. After 23 h of total culture, viral N protein was detected with N-specific monoclonal antibody (green); nucleocapsid (DAPI, blue) (A). The intracellular total RNA fragments obtained from the attached cells were measured by RT‒qPCR (B). The viral RNA fragments in the cell culture supernatant were tested by qPCR (C). All data are represented as the mean ± SD, (n = 3), *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, vs the positive control